Damper plate and method for producing thereof

ABSTRACT

There are disclosed a damper plate for a rotary machine and a method for producing thereof which makes it possible to produce a honeycomb-type damper plate with accurate dimensions and reasonable cost. In the method for producing a damper plate for sealing between a rotating portion and a stationary portion of a rotary machine and cushioning said rotating portion, the damper plate has a plurality of convex portions and concave portions, and a plurality of the convex portions and the concave portions are processed by a superplastic processing method.

This application is a division of prior application Ser. No. 08/680,351filed Jul. 15, 1996 now patented as U.S. Pat. No. 5,823,033 on Oct. 20,1999.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a damper plate and a method forproducing the damper plate, and more particularly to a damper plate usedin a gap between an impeller and a casing, as a thrust pad or a radialpad of a slide shaft bearing, or at a sealing surface of a floating sealdevice in a rotary machine such as a pump.

2. Description of the Related Art

A damper plate is used in a rotary machine to reduce the amount of fluidleakage between a rotating body and a stationary portion so as toincrease efficiency of the rotary machine and provide a cushioning orbearing effect to decrease deflection of the rotating body. Thus, thedamper plate is required to be tough enough to withstand a contact withthe rotating body which rotates at a high speed. The damper plate isalso required to have accurate polygon patterns which perform thecushioning effect in response to the deflection of the rotating body.Also, the damper plate is preferred to be formed in a thin plate so thatit can easily bend to fit a curved surface for easy mounting.

One of the examples of such a damper plate is a honeycomb plate shown inFIGS. 6A through 6D, having a plurality of convexoconcaves of ahexagonal cross-section. Conventionally, the honeycomb plate is producedby one of the following methods:

(1) Machine processing using a three-dimensional processing machine

(2) Etching process using a thin film mask having a plurality ofpolygonally patterned holes attached on the metal plate

(3) Laser beam processing using the energy of a laser beam

Since it is difficult to shape convexoconcaves by one step with thismethod, the plate is first processed to have holes and then incorporatedwith a bottom plate by brazing or other adhering methods.

(4) Blasting method using a mask

A thin film mask has a plurality of polygonal holes and is secured tothe metal plate, in the same way as the etching method. Blastingparticles are ejected to define convexoconcaves thereon.

However, each of these methods has the following disadvantages:

(1) Machine Processing

Since fine processing is required, a tool used in the processing iseasily worn out and a processing time is long.

(2) Etching Method

Since a periphery of the hole is also etched through the process, theaccurate polygonal patterns cannot be achieved. Also, in order toperform a uniform etching, the selection of material is limited.

(3) Laser Beam Machining

A number of steps are required and the cost is expensive.

(4) Blasting Method

Since the thin film mask is also exhausted by the blasting, theprocessing can be performed only while the thin film remains, and thusdeep concaves are difficult to be defined. Also, since a hard or toughmaterial cannot be processed, the materials useable in the process arelimited.

For the foregoing reasons, there is required to provide a practicalmethod for producing a honeycomb-type damper plate with a highdimensional accuracy and reasonable cost. Particularly, when adimensional accuracy is not established, the gap between the damperplate and the rotating body needs to be larger to prevent contacts orgalling therebetween. In this case, the rotary machine having a highperformance and less vibration cannot be provided by employing theadvantages of the honeycomb plate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a damperplate for a rotary machine and a method for producing the damper platewhich makes it possible to produce a honeycomb-type damper plate havingaccurate dimensions and reasonable cost.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provideda damper plate for sealing between a rotating portion and a stationaryportion of a rotary machine and cushioning the rotating portioncomprising: a superplastic material plate; and a plurality of convexportions and concave portions defined in the superplastic materialplate, the plurality of convex portions and concave portions beingformed by a superplastic processing method.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provideda method for producing a damper plate for sealing between a rotatingportion and a stationary portion of a rotary machine and cushioning therotating portion comprising the steps of: preparing a superplasticplate; and defining a plurality of convex portions and concave portionsin the superplastic plate by a superplastic processing method.

In the above invention, the superplastic material may be selected fromthe group consisting of austenitic stainless steel, two-phase stainlesssteel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and ceramics.

According to the present invention, the damper plate having polygonalpatterns such as the honeycomb patterns, which is difficult to producein the conventional methods, can be produced with accurate dimensionsand reasonable cost. As a result, the present invention contributes tothe improvement in the performance of the rotary machine. Further, sincea wide variety of materials can be used in the process, a material ofthe desired hardness or softness can be selected to differentiate withthe counter material. Thus, when an impeller of the rotary machinecontacts the damper plate, excess galling can be avoided. Moreover, byjoining a plurality of damper plates having the same patterns, it ispossible to cover a desired surface of a complex shape. Thus, thepresent invention permits the damper ring of the rotary machine toprovide a bearing effect. As a result, an industrial machine can beminiaturized and be light-weight.

The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the presentinvention will become apparent from the following description when takenin conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferredembodiments of the present invention by way of example.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A through 1D are perspective views showing a first step of amethod for producing a damper plate of the present invention;

FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing a second step of the method forproducing a damper plate of the present invention;

FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing a step for mounting the damperplate of the present invention in a pump casing;

FIGS. 3A through 3D are perspective views showing other steps formounting the damper plate of the present invention in the pump casing;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a performance of the pump using the damperplate of the present invention;

FIGS. 5A and 5B are graphs showing a result of a vibration inspection ofthe pump; and

FIGS. 6A through 6D are schematic illustrations showing the damperplate.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will now bedescribed referring to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 1A through 1D show a mold for molding a damper plate of thepresent invention, which includes a lower mold 1 and an upper mold 2.The lower mold has a surface having convex portions and concave portionswhich define concave portions and convex portions to be formed in thedamper plate. The upper plate 2 covers the lower plate 1. In the uppermold 2 and the lower mold 1, there are provided gas passages forintroducing a pressurizing gas to a material sheet and gas pipes 3 forintroducing and discharging the gas to and from the material. The uppermold 2 and the lower mold 1 are held between ceramic platens 4 providedwith a built-in heater for heating the molds 1, 2 to a specifictemperature, as shown in FIG. 1A.

In a method for producing the damper plate, a thin plate 5 of asuperplastic material is used as the material. Examples of thesuperplastic material include but are not limited to austeniticstainless steel, two-phase stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titaniumalloy and ceramics.

After the thin plate 5 is placed on the lower mold 1 in which a cavityis defined, the thin plate 5 is covered with the upper mold 2. The thinplate 5 is heated to a superplastic processing temperature and apressure is applied to produce a honeycomb plate 6 having a plurality ofpolygonal convex portions and concave portions, as shown in FIG. 1C.

After the honeycomb plate is cut with dimensions corresponding to aportion to be fixed (FIG. 1D), the honeycomb plate is bent by a roll 7corresponding to a specific curved or plane surface (FIG. 2A). Afterthat, the honeycomb plate may be secured to a casing 10 by a lockscrew 9(FIG. 2B), fit to the casing 10 (FIG. 3A), secured to the casing throughan adhesive (FIG. 3B), secured in a groove formed on the casing throughan adhesive (FIG. 3C), or secured by a bending method (FIG. 3D).

Hereinafter, a performance test of the damper plate produced by theabove-described method when used in the rotary machine (pump) will bedescribed. Performance of the pump is shown in FIG. 4.

The specification of the thin plate used was as follows:

Thickness of the plate: 0.3 mm

Material of the plate: SUS329J4L two-phase stainless steel Component ofthe plate: (%)

Cr Ni Mo N Fe 25.0 6.3 3.2 0.1 Residual

The condition for a superplastic processing is as follows:

Heat temperature: 900-1000° C.

Applied pressure: 20 kgf/cm2

Molding furnace: Argon gas atmosphere furnace

Bending process: Roll bending processing by a shear roll and a lowermold

A gap size between the impeller mouth ring and the damper seal was 0.05mm (half the conventional example).

Though the gap size was set a half of that formed by the conventionalmachine processing as described above, abrasion due to galling andcontact with the rotating body was not observed and the pumpingefficiency was improved by approximately 2%. The reason for preventingthe galling and the contact is that the dimensional accuracy is muchimproved compared with that provided by the conventional method and thematerial selected here is softer than the conventional material,austenitic stainless steel SNS304.

The improvement of the pumping efficiency is achieved for a followingreason. By the damper plate 6 provided between the impeller and thecasing 10, the fluid is sealed within the gap as the gap becomessmaller, and the fluid applies a pressure to the facing surface of theimpeller to maintain the specific gap so as to perform bearing functiontherebetween. This bearing function creates a cushioning function forreducing the vibration of the rotary machine as well as for enabling tominimize the initial size of the gap to reduce leakage of the fluid.

FIG. 5A is a graph showing a result of a vibration inspection of therotary machine during the above experiment. As is apparent from thedrawing, the vibration is reduced to ½ and ⅓ of that of the conventionalpump shown in FIG. 5B at a designed rotational speed N and ½N,respectively.

Although certain preferred embodiments of the present invention havebeen shown and described in detail, it should be understood that variouschanges and modifications may be made therein without departing from thescope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A damper plate for sealing between a rotatingportion and a stationary portion of a rotary machine and cushioning saidrotating portion comprising: a superplastic material plate; and aplurality of convex portions and concave portions defined in saidsuperplastic material plate, wherein said superplastic material isselected from the group consisting of austenitic stainless steel,two-phase stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and ceramics,and wherein said superplastic material plate has a thickness ofsubstantially 0.3 mm.
 2. A damper plate according to claim 1, whereinsaid superplastic material is two-phase stainless steel which includesabout 25.0% Cr.
 3. A damper plate according to claim 1, wherein saidsuperplastic material is two-phase stainless steel which includes about6.3% Ni.
 4. A damper plate according to claim 1, wherein saidsuperplastic material is two-phase stainless steel which includes about3.2% Mo.
 5. A damper plate according to claim 1, wherein saidsuperplastic material is two-phase stainless steel which includes about0.1% N.
 6. A damper plate according to claim 1, wherein saidsuperplastic material is two-phase stainless steel which comprises 25.0%Cr, 6.3% Ni, 3.2% Mo, 0.1% N, and balance Fe.
 7. A damper plate forsealing between a rotating portion and a stationary portion of a rotarymachine and cushioning said rotating portion comprising: a superplasticmaterial plate having a thickness of substantially 0.3 mm; and aplurality of convex portions and concave portions defined in saidsuperplastic material plate, wherein said superplastic material plate isintegrally provided with a bent portion for attaching said superplasticplate to a rotating portion or a stationary portion of said rotarymachine.